Silk Road Overview: From Xi'an to Kashgar

The Silk Road was the ancient trade route connecting China with the West. Today, travelers can follow the route across northwestern China, passing historic cities, Buddhist caves, and desert landscapes.

Xi'an: The Eastern Terminus

Xi'an, ancient Chang'an, was the starting point for caravans heading west. The city was the capital of multiple dynasties. The Terracotta Army, Muslim Quarter, and City Wall are major attractions. Xi'an is the gateway to the Silk Road.

Gansu Corridor

The Gansu Corridor is a narrow passage between mountains and desert. Key stops include Lanzhou, Jiayuguan (western end of the Great Wall), Zhangye (Danxia landforms), and Dunhuang (Mogao Caves). The corridor was the only route for caravans.

Dunhuang: The Gateway to the West

Dunhuang was where the Silk Road split into northern and southern routes around the Taklamakan Desert. The Mogao Caves contain centuries of Buddhist art. Crescent Lake offers a desert oasis experience.

Turpan: The Desert Oasis

Turpan in Xinjiang is one of the hottest places in China, yet supports vineyards and ancient cities. The Jiaohe Ruins and Bezeklik Caves are highlights. The karez irrigation system brings water from mountains.

Kashgar: The Central Asian Crossroads

Kashgar, at the western end of the Chinese Silk Road, feels more Central Asian than Chinese. The Sunday market, Old Town, and Id Kah Mosque are highlights. From here, routes continue to Pakistan and Central Asia.

Modern Travel

High-speed trains connect Xi'an to Lanzhou and Urumqi. The journey can be done in segments over weeks. Spring and autumn are the best times; summer is hot, winter is cold.