Shigatse: The Seat of the Panchen Lamas in Tibet

Shigatse (Xigaze), Tibet's second-largest city, is the traditional seat of the Panchen Lamas — the second-highest ranking figures in Tibetan Buddhism after the Dalai Lamas. Located about 270 kilometers west of Lhasa, it serves as a gateway to Mount Everest and preserves important monasteries and historic sites.

Tashilhunpo Monastery

Tashilhunpo, founded in 1447 by the first Dalai Lama, is one of Tibet's most important monasteries. It served as the seat of the Panchen Lamas and once housed over 4,000 monks. The monastery contains the tomb of the fourth Panchen Lama — a chorten (stupa) covered in gold that is among the largest in Tibet. The Maitreya (Future Buddha) chapel houses a 26-meter statue, the world's largest of this Buddha.

Shigatse Old Town

The old town around Tashilhunpo retains traditional Tibetan character. Narrow lanes wind between whitewashed houses; prayer flags flutter from rooftops. The daily market sells vegetables, dried meat, and household goods. Pilgrims circumambulate the monastery, spinning prayer wheels. The atmosphere is more authentically Tibetan than Lhasa's tourist-oriented Barkhor.

Sakya Monastery

About 60 kilometers from Shigatse, Sakya Monastery is the seat of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism. Founded in 1073, its grey-walled fortress appearance is unique among Tibetan monasteries. The library contains thousands of ancient manuscripts, some predating the destruction of other Tibetan archives. The monastery's murals are among the finest in Tibet.

Gateway to Everest

Shigatse is the last major city before EverestCBase Camp. Travelers heading to the mountain typically overnight here for acclimatization. The road to Everest passes through spectacular scenery: high passes, deep valleys, and distant snow peaks. The journey takes about 6-8 hours.

Local Cuisine

Shigatse offers classic Tibetan food: tsampa (roasted barley flour), yak butter tea, momos (dumplings), and thukpa (noodle soup). The city is known for its yak meat, which is leaner and sweeter than beef. Local restaurants serve simple but hearty meals.

Getting There

Shigatse is reachable by road from Lhasa (about 5 hours) or by train on the Lhasa-Shigatse railway. Foreigners need a Tibet Travel Permit. The city serves as a base for exploring the surrounding region, including Sakya, Gyantse, and Everest. Plan at least 2 days. The best time to visit is May–October.